The Moiadim are mentioned here in the Parsha. There is a Diyuk in the Toiras Hashem. When it says Chag Hasukkos. It says in 34:22, (וְחַג, הָאָסִיף--תְּקוּפַת, הַשָּׁנָה). Rashi explains, (תקופת השנה: שהיא בחזרת השנה, בתחלת השנה הבאה) Tekufah means beginning of the year.
In Parshas Mishpatim, in , it says (וְחַג הָאָסִף בְּצֵאת הַשָּׁנָה). So it seems very strange. Pashut P’shat is in Mishpatim it refers to the end of the agricultural year, while here it refers to the beginning of the calendar year.
In the Mayanah Shel Toirah there is a P’shat based on a Medrash. The Medrash says by the Cheit Ha’eigel, that when the Yidden left Mitzrayim in Nissan they got Pesach, in Iyar they got Pesach Sheini, in Sivan they got Shavuois. When it came to Tammuz we should have received another Yom Tov. However, because of the Cheit Ha’ageil they did not receive any more Yomim Toivim until Tishrei where they received Kappara. So Al Pi Medrash it says that Hashem said I will pay back the 3 Yomim Toivim that you didn’t receive the last 3 months with Rosh Hashonoh, Yom Kippur, and Sukkos. Sh’mini Atzeres will be the 4th Yom Tov, and that would be allocated to Tishrei. According to that, Rosh Hashonoh would have been connected to Tammuz, Yom Kippur to Av, and Sukkos to Elul. So before the Cheit Ha’Eigel in Parshas Mishpatim, the Yom Tov that is K’neged Sukkos would have been B’tzeis Hashanah. At the end of the year. Here in Parshas Ki Sisa where we are holding after the Cheit Ha’Eigel, Sukkos is Tikufas Hashanah at the beginning of the year. It reflects the Shinui in Shamayim on how the Yom Tov of Sukkos was given.
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